The Science Behind the Evidence
The proof was always there — we just never looked at it through design
Short version: Across major studies — including Harvard Health, the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Frontiers in Bioengineering, and Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science — the conclusion is clear: foam isn’t texture — it’s a physiological problem. Trapped air expands the stomach, dulls real hunger cues, and fills the body with volume, not nutrition.
Swallowed air expands your stomach
Harvard Health explains that swallowing air — known as aerophagia — increases stomach pressure and creates a sense of fullness unrelated to nutrition or true satiety. Harvard Health reference ↗
Volume tricks the brain into “enough”
A controlled study in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that expanding stomach volume — even with air or carbonation — can suppress appetite signals, creating a false sense of satisfaction not linked to actual nutrition. Gastric volume study ↗
Foam is trapped air, not nutrition
A 2024 review in the Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety defines foam as a structured system of air bubbles stabilized by proteins and surfactants — engineered for texture and visual appeal, not for nutrition. Beautiful in cuisine. Pointless in performance. Food-foam review ↗
Shaking aggressively aerates protein drinks
Research shows that vigorous shaking introduces microbubbles and increases foam height; the finer the bubbles, the longer they persist — displacing real liquid volume. Aeration study ↗
Flow control reduces foam formation
Engineering studies confirm that turbulence and surface shear drive bubble creation, while guided flow reduces foam at the source — the foundation of anti-foaming design. Foam control overview ↗
We already keep air out where it matters
From medical syringes to infant bottles, design innovation has long aimed to prevent air intake for safety and comfort. Even NHS guidance confirms that anti-colic systems reduce swallowed air and discomfort. The logic is universal — what enters the body should be only what’s meant to. NHS anti-colic guidance ↗ · Clinical bottle-venting study ↗
It was never fullness. It was foam — dressed as nutrition.
Replace the air with real liquid your body can use.